The Brittany is a lively, affectionate, and athletic dog known for his agility, intelligence, and natural versatility. Originally bred as a hunting companion in the French countryside, the Brittany’s heritage still shines through today. These dogs are energetic explorers with an excellent nose, a sharp mind, and an enthusiastic desire to work alongside their families. Whether you’re out on a trail, practicing obedience, or simply enjoying a lazy afternoon on the couch, a Brittany is always eager to participate.

While Brittanys are generally a healthy breed, they do have a few hereditary and lifestyle-related conditions that owners should understand. Being aware of early signs and knowing what influences these conditions can help you stay proactive and support your dog’s long-term wellness.

1. Hypothyroidism

Hypothyroidism happens when the thyroid gland doesn’t produce enough hormones, leading to a slowdown in metabolic processes. In many dogs, the immune system mistakenly attacks the thyroid gland, reducing hormone production over time. This process is slow and often unnoticed until symptoms become more obvious.

Early signs may include:

• fatigue or decreased stamina
• weight gain without increased food intake
• thinning coat or hair loss
• dry, flaky skin
• mood or behavior changes
• intolerance to cold

Because the symptoms can overlap with many other issues, diagnosis is confirmed through blood testing. Once identified, dogs typically respond very well to daily thyroid medication, which is straightforward and affordable. While there’s no way to prevent hypothyroidism, annual wellness exams and early attention to subtle changes can help ensure it’s caught early and managed effectively.

2. Epilepsy

Epilepsy is the most common neurological condition in dogs, and Brittanys can be predisposed. It may be inherited, or it can develop due to structural changes in the brain, prior trauma, or metabolic imbalances. Seizures vary widely: some dogs may experience full-body convulsions, while others have brief episodes involving twitching, drooling, or temporary disorientation.

Signs of a seizure may include:

• sudden collapse
• stiffening or jerking movements
• twitching of facial muscles
• drooling or foaming
• disorientation after the episode

If epilepsy is diagnosed, long-term medication helps manage seizure frequency and intensity. With consistent treatment and monitoring, many Brittanys with epilepsy live long, active, fulfilling lives.

Genetic epilepsy cannot be prevented, but responsible breeding and early veterinary evaluation for unusual neurologic behavior are key steps.

3. Cataracts

Cataracts develop when proteins in the lens of the eye clump together, creating a cloudy or opaque appearance that blocks light from reaching the retina. Genetics can contribute, but cataracts may also develop due to diabetes, aging, or eye injury.

Common signs include:

• cloudy or bluish eyes
• bumping into objects
• difficulty navigating in low light
• hesitancy or cautious walking

Cataracts are diagnosed through an eye exam, and while surgery is the only definitive correction, many dogs adapt very well with routine home adjustments and regular monitoring. Protecting your Brittany’s eyes from trauma and staying consistent with veterinary checkups can help preserve eye health.

4. Cleft Palate

A cleft palate occurs when the roof of the mouth doesn’t fully close during fetal development, creating an opening between the mouth and nasal passages. This congenital condition is something to discuss with breeders, as it can be reduced through responsible breeding practices.

Signs often appear early in puppies and include:

• difficulty nursing or eating
• food or milk coming from the nose
• nasal discharge
• coughing or gagging after meals
• slow weight gain

Surgical repair is required to correct the defect, and with proper treatment and supportive care, many dogs go on to live healthy, active lives. Understanding your breeder’s health screening practices is key when selecting a puppy.

5. Hip Dysplasia

Hip dysplasia occurs when the ball and socket of the hip joint don’t fit together smoothly, causing irritation and inflammation over time. Genetics play a major role, but rapid growth, excessive jumping in young puppies, and extra weight can worsen joint strain. Brittanys are active dogs, and their enthusiasm for running and leaping can sometimes put added pressure on developing hips.

You may notice:

• difficulty rising after rest
• reluctance to jump or climb stairs
• stiffness after long walks
• a “bunny hopping” gait when running
• decreased interest in play
• soreness after vigorous activity

When diagnosed through X-rays and an orthopedic exam, treatment may include joint-supporting supplements, weight control, pain relief, gentle exercise routines, or physical therapy. For more advanced cases, surgical correction may be recommended. Keeping your Brittany lean and avoiding strenuous, high-impact exercise in puppyhood can help support healthier joints as they grow.

Because hip dysplasia often develops into chronic osteoarthritis over time, many Brittany owners look for long-term ways to support joint comfort and mobility. At Gallant, we are actively conducting FDA-authorized clinical studies to evaluate donor-derived mesenchymal stromal cells and their potential role in supporting joint health in dogs with osteoarthritis. 

If your Brittany has been diagnosed with OA, participating in a clinical trial is one way to explore emerging options while contributing to veterinary research. Enrollment not only helps your own dog, it also advances knowledge that may benefit countless pets in the future.