According to the AKC, Dachshunds consistently rank as one of the most popular dog breeds, and it’s easy to see why. These spunky, affectionate little dogs fit well into a variety of homes, from apartments to busy family households.

But before you bring home your adorable wiener dog, it’s important to understand the Dachshund health problems that are more common in this breed. Like all purebred dogs, Dachshunds have certain genetic and structural traits that make them more prone to specific medical conditions.

Obesity

Dachshunds love food almost as much as they love attention, which makes them especially prone to weight gain. Their small legs and long spine are not designed to carry extra pounds, and even modest weight gain increases the risk of back problems, joint strain, and metabolic disease.

Maintaining a healthy weight is one of the most effective ways to protect a Dachshund’s quality of life. To keep your dog at a healthy weight:

• Stick to measured meals
• Use low-calorie treats or veggies as snacks
• Keep daily walks consistent
• Ask your veterinarian for a weight-management plan if needed

Even small efforts in weight control can dramatically improve your Dachshund’s long-term comfort and mobility.

Eye Issues

Those expressive Dachshund eyes are adorable, but they can also be vulnerable to several hereditary eye diseases. The most common Dachshund eye problems include:

• Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) 
• Cataracts – clouding of the lens
• Glaucoma – increased pressure in the eye

PRA typically begins with decreased vision in low light and can progress to full blindness as the retina deteriorates. Cataracts and glaucoma may develop later in life and can cause pain or significant vision loss if left untreated.

Regular veterinary eye exams are important for early detection. If you’re working with a breeder, ask whether the parents have undergone eye-specific health screenings. Responsible breeding greatly reduces the risk of inherited eye disease.

Back Issues

The Dachshund’s long back and short legs aren’t just charming, they’re the result of chondrodystrophy, a genetic trait that affects bone and cartilage growth. While this structure allows them to excel at hunting in tight spaces, it also makes them more vulnerable to Intervertebral Disc Disease (IVDD).

IVDD occurs when the spinal discs age or deteriorate more quickly than normal, leaving them prone to bulging or rupturing during everyday activities like jumping off the couch, climbing stairs, or even rough play. 

Common signs of IVDD in Dachshunds include:

• Sudden yelping or back pain
• Difficulty walking
• Dragging hind legs
• Reluctance to move
• Trembling or hunched back posture

Treatment depends on the severity of the condition. Mild cases may respond to anti-inflammatory medication and strict rest, while more serious disc ruptures often require surgery. 

Preventing extra strain goes a long way: using ramps, limiting jumping, keeping your Dachshund at a healthy weight, and opting for a harness instead of a collar can help support spinal health.

Hip Dysplasia

Although often associated with larger breeds, hip dysplasia can affect Dachshunds, too. The condition develops when the ball and socket of the hip joint do not fit together properly, which causes chronic joint wear and eventually leads to osteoarthritis. Genetics play the biggest role, but factors like rapid growth, extra weight, and high-impact activity can worsen symptoms.

A Dachshund with hip dysplasia may be reluctant to jump, climb stairs, or rise after resting. Some show subtle hind-limb weakness or changes in gait. Treatment ranges from weight management and joint supplements to physical therapy and, in more advanced cases, surgical correction.

Skin Problems

Dachshunds are known to experience a range of skin issues, most commonly related to allergies, which can lead to dermatitis (inflamed skin) and  hair thinning. One condition seen more frequently in this breed is Acanthosis Nigricans, which causes the skin to become dark and thickened over time, especially under the arms, groin, or belly.

Triggers may include food sensitivities, environmental allergens, or secondary infections. Because symptoms overlap with many conditions, veterinary guidance is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment. Early identification makes treatment more effective and prevents chronic irritation. 

Stem Cell Therapies for Dogs

Dachshunds are also one of the many breeds that may benefit from advances in regenerative medicine, especially as they age. 

At Gallant, we’re actively studying how stem cell therapy may help support dogs with chronic conditions such as canine osteoarthritis—a common long-term outcome of IVDD and hip dysplasia. Our research explores whether stem cells may help reduce inflammation and support healthier joint function over time. 

We’re also investigating how stem cell therapy may help dogs living with canine atopic dermatitis, a lifelong skin condition characterized by itching and inflammation. While studies are ongoing and not yet FDA-approved, regenerative medicine represents a promising area of future care for pets with joint or skin disease.