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AVMA 2026 Proceedings References

by Rebecca Windsor DVM, DACVIM
  1. Williams ZJ, Pezzanite LM, Chow L, Rockow M, Dow SW. Evaluation of stem-cell therapies in companion animal disease models: a concise review (2015-2023). Stem Cells. 2024;42(8):8. doi:10.1093/stmcls/sxae034
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  5. Voga M, Adamic N, Vengust M, Majdic G. Stem Cells in Veterinary Medicine—Current State and Treatment Options. Front Vet Sci. 2020;7:278. doi:10.3389/fvets.2020.00278
  6. Soltero-Rivera M, Hart S, Blandino A, Vapniarsky N, Arzi B. Mesenchymal stromal cell therapy for feline chronic gingivostomatitis: Long term experience. Front Vet Sci. 2023;10:1171922. doi:10.3389/fvets.2023.1171922
  7. Rivas IL, Soltero-Rivera M, Vapniarsky N, Arzi B. Stromal cell therapy in cats with feline chronic gingivostomatitis: current perspectives and future direction. J Feline Med Surg. 2023;25(8):8. doi:10.1177/1098612X231185395
  8. Taechangam N, Iyer SS, Walker NJ, Arzi B, Borjesson DL. Mechanisms utilized by feline adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells to inhibit T lymphocyte proliferation. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2019;10(1):1. doi:10.1186/s13287-019-1300-3
  9. Park SG, An JH, Li Q, et al. Feline adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells pretreated with IFN-γ enhance immunomodulatory effects through the PGE2 pathway. J Vet Sci. 2021;22(2):2. doi:10.4142/jvs.2021.22.e16
  10. Williams V, Schneider JL, Parrish RS, et al. Clinical field study evaluating the safety and efficacy of allogeneic uterine-derived mesenchymal stem cells for refractory feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS). J Feline Med Surg. Published online September 25, 2025:1098612X251385852. doi:10.1177/1098612X251385852
  11. Williams V, Schneider JL, Parrish RS, et al. A long-term field safety study evaluating allogeneic uterine-derived mesenchymal stem cells for refractory feline chronic gingivostomatitis (FCGS). J Feline Med Surg. Published online February 27, 2026:1098612X261431058. doi:10.1177/1098612X261431058
  12. Wright A, Snyder L, Knights K, et al. A Protocol for the Isolation, Culture, and Cryopreservation of Umbilical Cord-Derived Canine Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: Role of Cell Attachment in Long-Term Maintenance. Stem Cells Dev. 2020;29(11):11. doi:10.1089/scd.2019.0145
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  15. Gruen ME, Messenger KM, Thomson AE, et al. Evaluation of serum cytokines in cats with and without degenerative joint disease and associated pain. Vet Immunol Immunopathol. 2017;183:49-59. doi:10.1016/j.vetimm.2016.12.007
  16. Gao X, Lee J, Malladi S, Melendez L, Lascelles BDX, Al-Murrani S. Feline degenerative joint disease: a genomic and proteomic approach. J Feline Med Surg. 2013;15(6):6. doi:10.1177/1098612X12470652
  17. Spitznagel MB, Gober MW, Patrick K. Caregiver burden in cat owners: a cross-sectional observational study. J Feline Med Surg. 2023;25(1):1098612X221145835. doi:10.1177/1098612X221145835
  18. Gallant clinical trial data FA-001 on file
  19. Hillier TN, Watt MM, Grimes JA, Berg AN, Heinz JA, Dickerson VM. Dogs receiving cyclooxygenase-2–sparing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and/or nonphysiologic steroids are at risk of severe gastrointestinal ulceration. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2025;263(3):1-8. doi:10.2460/javma.24.06.0430
  20. Santoro D. Therapies in Canine Atopic Dermatitis. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract. 2019;49(1):1. doi:10.1016/j.cvsm.2018.08.002
  21. Cosgrove SB, Wren JA, Cleaver DM, et al. Efficacy and safety of oclacitinib for the control of pruritus and associated skin lesions in dogs with canine allergic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol. 2013;24(5):479. doi:10.1111/vde.12047
  22. Moyaert H, Van Brussel L, Borowski S, et al. A blinded, randomized clinical trial evaluating the efficacy and safety of lokivetmab compared to ciclosporin in client‐owned dogs with atopic dermatitis. Vet Dermatol. 2017;28(6):593. doi:10.1111/vde.12478
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  27. Uva A, Cavalera MA, Gusatoaia O, et al. Inflammatory Status and Chronic Kidney Disease in Cats: Old and New Inflammatory Markers—A Pilot Prospective Study. Animals. 2023;13(23):23. doi:10.3390/ani13233674
  28. Quimby JM, Webb TL, Habenicht LM, Dow SW. Safety and efficacy of intravenous infusion of allogeneic cryopreserved mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of chronic kidney disease in cats: results of three sequential pilot studies. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2013;4(2):2. doi:10.1186/scrt198
  29. Quimby JM, Webb TL, Gibbons DS, Dow SW. Evaluation of intrarenal mesenchymal stem cell injection for treatment of chronic kidney disease in cats: A pilot study. J Feline Med Surg. 2011;13(6):6. doi:10.1016/j.jfms.2011.01.005
  30. Quimby JM, Webb TL, Randall E, Marolf A, Valdes-Martinez A, Dow SW. Assessment of intravenous adipose-derived allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells for the treatment of feline chronic kidney disease: a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial in eight cats. J Feline Med Surg. 2016;18(2):2. doi:10.1177/1098612X15576980
  31. Thomson AL, Berent AC, Weisse C, Langston CE. Intra‐arterial renal infusion of autologous mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of chronic kidney disease in cats: Phase I clinical trial. J Vet Intern Med. 2019;33(3):3. doi:10.1111/jvim.15486
  32. Webb TL, Webb CB. Stem cell therapy in cats with chronic enteropathy: a proof-of-concept study. J Feline Med Surg. 2015;17(10):10. doi:10.1177/1098612X14561105
  33. Cristóbal JI, Duque FJ, Usón-Casaús J, Martínez MS, Míguez MP, Pérez-Merino EM. Oxidative stress in dogs with chronic inflammatory enteropathy treated with allogeneic mesenchymal stem cells. Vet Res Commun. 2024;48(2):901-910. doi:10.1007/s11259-023-10265-0
  34. Cristóbal JI, Duque FJ, Usón-Casaús JM, Ruiz P, Nieto EL, Pérez-Merino EM. Effects of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Dogs with Inflammatory Bowel Disease Treated with and without Corticosteroids. Anim Open Access J MDPI. 2021;11(7):2061. doi:10.3390/ani11072061
  35. Cristóbal JI, Duque FJ, Usón-Casaús J, Barrera R, López E, Pérez-Merino EM. Complete Blood Count-Derived Inflammatory Markers Changes in Dogs with Chronic Inflammatory Enteropathy Treated with Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Animals. 2022;12(20):2798. doi:10.3390/ani12202798
  36. Pérez-Merino EM, Usón-Casaús JM, Zaragoza-Bayle C, et al. Safety and efficacy of allogeneic adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells for treatment of dogs with inflammatory bowel disease: Clinical and laboratory outcomes. Vet J. 2015;206(3):385-390. doi:10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.08.003
  37. Xie Q, Gong S, Cao J, et al. Mesenchymal stem cells: a novel therapeutic approach for feline inflammatory bowel disease. Stem Cell Res Ther. 2024;15(1). doi:10.1186/s13287-024-04038-y
Rebecca Windsor DVM, DACVIM
Rebecca Windsor DVM, DACVIM

Vice President of Veterinary Affairs at Gallant

Dr. Rebecca Windsor, DVM, DACVIM, is a board-certified veterinary neurologist with over 20 years of clinical experience and a strong record of scientific publication. She joined Gallant in 2025 and serves as Vice President of Veterinary Affairs.

Dr. Windsor specializes in veterinary regenerative medicine, with a focus on advancing FDA-approved, off-the-shelf mesenchymal stem cell therapies for pets. She develops educational platforms that translate the science, safety, and clinical efficacy of stem cell therapy for veterinary professionals. Since 2019, she has served as a Clinician Scientist at Ethos Discovery, where she leads the neurology research portfolio.

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